Computers have become a major part of most of our lives. A lot of us can’t imagine our lives without computers, yet there are many for whom computers are still an enigma. They know its extremely useful and yet don’t know how to make full use of it.

Hence to help you understand this world of computers, and hence possibly get you a better job, we have listed 10 easy steps to receive free computer training:

Use search engines online: The very first, and probably the best place, to start would be using the ever-useful Internet. Type in the required keywords in a popular search engine such as Google, and you should have a number of options in front of you.

Prioritise your requirements: You must assess what exactly you are looking for. Computer training is an extremely vast area, so do you want to learn the basics, or do you want to learn something as particular as Microsoft Word, or something else? If you can prioritise your requirements, and type in those keywords, you will have far better options available.

Youtube! The usefulness of Youtube is way beyond what we tend to think. There are hundreds of videos on hundreds of aspects of the computer that you can easily access and view. Youtube brings the convenience of learning when you please, and learning absolutely free!

Test the training format: Courses vary in the way the present the course material. So it might make sense to try out a small course and see if the format suits your way of learning.

Instructor based courses: Some courses have a instructor that goes over a running video and explains the content. A great source for such a course is www.GCFLearnFree.org . This website provides numerous courses, right from the basics to even programming courses.

Certified courses: There are a number of certified courses online as well, which give you a certificate as proof of your training once you complete the course. These can come really handy to present to your future employer.

University courses: There are a number of higher-level courses offered by universities like Stanford and MIT. The materials and courser offered by these universities are all free, but there aren’t any instructors or instructions. So if you are looking for computer science courses, this is a great place to look at.

Discussion forums: There are some computer training sites that allow you to join discussion forums and subscribe to newsletters. This way you can interact with other people exploring courses as well. A recommended site for the same is www.learnthat.com

Blogs: The Internet also has a number of blogs focusing on aspects of computer training. Numerous experts have their own blogs with guidelines and tips; hence exploring these blogs online can be another great source.

Computer books: There are a plethora of computer books that are available these days. Yes they cost a little, but for a reasonable price it can really benefit you. If you do not know where to look for such books, www.amazon.com is a great place to start.

by: Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933

Policy routing is a major topic on your BSCI exam, and you’ll find quite a bit of policy routing going on in today’s production networks. But what exactly is policy routing?

Policy-based routing, generally referred to as “policy routing”, is the use of route maps to determine the path a packet will take to get to its final destination. As you progress through your CCNP studies and go on to the CCIE (or to a Cisco Quality Of Service certification), you’ll find that traffic can be “marked” by policy routing in order to give different levels of service to various classes of traffic. (This is done by marking the traffic and placing the different classes of traffic in different queues in the router, allowing the administrator to give some traffic higher priority for transmission.)

There are some basic policy routing rules you should know:

Policy routing doesn’t affect the destination of the packet, but does affect the path that is taken to get there.

Policy routing can forward traffic based on the source IP address or the destination IP address (with the use of an extended ACL).

Policy routing can be configured at the interface level, or globally.

Applying policy routing on an interface affects only packets arriving on that interface:

R2(config)#int s0

R2(config-if)#ip policy route-map CHANGE_NEXT_HOP

Applying the policy globally applies the route map to packets generated on the router, not on all packets received on all interfaces.

Whether you’re running policy routing at the interface level, on packets created locally, or both, always run the command show ip policy to make sure you’ve got the right route maps on the proper interfaces.

R2#show ip policy

Interface Route map

local CHANGE_NEXT_HOP

Serial0 CHANGE_NEXT_HOP

And here’s the big rule to remember….

If a packet doesn’t match any of the specific criteria in a route map, or does match a line that has an explicit deny statement, the data is sent to the routing process and will be processed normally. If you don’t want to route packets that do not meet any route map criteria, the set command must be used to send those packets to the null0 interface. This set command should be the final set command in the route map.

There are four possibilities for an incoming packet when route maps are in use. The following example illustrates all of them.

R2(config)#access-list 29 permit host 20.1.1.1

R2(config)#access-list 30 permit host 20.2.2.2

R2(config)#access-list 31 permit host 20.3.3.3

R2(config)#access-list 32 permit host 20.4.4.4

R2(config)#route-map EXAMPLE permit 10

R2(config-route-map)#match ip address 29

R2(config-route-map)#set ip next-hop 40.1.1.1

R2(config-route-map)#route-map EXAMPLE permit 20

R2(config-route-map)#match ip address 30

Assuming the route map has been applied to the router’s ethernet0 interface, a packet sourced from 20.1.1.1 would meet the first line of the route map and have its next-hop IP address set to 40.1.1.1.

A packet sourced from 20.2.2.2 would match the next permit statement (sequence number 20). Since there is no action listed, this packet would return to the routing engine to undergo the normal routing procedure. All traffic that did not match these two addresses would also be routed normally – there would be no action taken by the route map.

Perhaps we want to specifically block traffic sourced from 20.3.3.3 or 20.4.4.4. We can use multiple match statements in one single route map, and have packets matching those two addresses sent to the bit bucket – the interface null0.

R2(config)#route-map EXAMPLE permit 30

R2(config-route-map)#match ip address 31

R2(config-route-map)#match ip address 32

R2(config-route-map)#set ?

as-path           Prepend string for a BGP AS-path attribute

automatic-tag     Automatically compute TAG value

comm-list         set BGP community list (for deletion)

community         BGP community attribute

dampening         Set BGP route flap dampening parameters

default           Set default information

extcommunity      BGP extended community attribute

interface         Output interface

ip                IP specific information

level             Where to import route

local-preference  BGP local preference path attribute

metric            Metric value for destination routing protocol

metric-type       Type of metric for destination routing protocol

origin            BGP origin code

tag               Tag value for destination routing protocol

weight            BGP weight for routing table

R2(config-route-map)#set interface null0

Any traffic matching ACLs 31 or 32 will be sent to null0, resulting in its being discarded by the router. Any traffic that didn’t match any of the route map statements will be returned to the routing engine for normal processing.

Knowing policy routing and how to apply it are essential skills for passing the BSCI exam, earning your CCNP, and becoming more valuable in today’s job market. Get some hands-on practice in a CCNA / CCNP home lab or rack rental to go along with learning the theory, and you’ll be writing and applying policy routing in no time at all.

About The Author

Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933, is the owner of The Bryant Advantage (www.thebryantadvantage.com), home of free CCNP and CCNA tutorials! For my FREE “How To Pass The CCNA” or “CCNP” ebook, visit the website and download your copies. Pass your CCNP exam with The Bryant Advantage!

Author: ITexams

642-825 ISCW
Implementing Secure Converged Wide Area Networks
Exam Number: 642-825
Associated Certifications: CCNP
Duration: 90 minutes (50-60 questions)
Available Languages: English, Japanese

642-825 Exam Topics
The following information provides general guidelines for the content likely to be included on the exam. However, other related topics may also appear on any specific delivery of the exam. In order to better reflect the contents of the exam and for clarity purposes the guidelines below may change at any time without notice.
Implement basic teleworker services.
* Describe Cable (HFC) technologies.
* Describe xDSL technologies.
* Configure ADSL (i.e., PPPoE or PPPoA).
* Verify basic teleworker configurations.

Implement Frame-Mode MPLS.
* Describe the components and operation of Frame-Mode MPLS (e.g., packet-based MPLS VPNs).
* Configure and verify Frame-Mode MPLS.

Implement a site-to-site IPSec VPN
* Describe the components and operations of IPSec VPNs and GRE Tunnels.
* Configure a site-to-site IPSec VPN/GRE Tunnel with SDM (i.e., preshared key).
* Verify IPSec/GRE Tunnel configurations (i.e., IOS CLI configurations).
* Describe, configure, and verify VPN backup interfaces.
* Describe and configure Cisco Easy VPN solutions using SDM.

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Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/drinks-articles/ccnp-642825-exam-2156709.html

About the Author

Author: Candy

Author: fandy

How can we help:
We offer pass guaranteed CCNP solutions, to assist you in passing the CCNP exam at first attempt. Our CCNP solutions are provided by our CCNP experts, who have over 20 years of CCNP instructional education experience. All our resources and efforts have pooled together to produce you a shortcut that will save you an incredible amount of time and effort. Complete the contact form below and receive free information on how your choice of CCNP certification is easily achieved. http://www.ready4exam.com/

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Price includes one-on-one consultation charge until you get CCNP certified ,unlimited exam retakes until you pass and any other expense until all the exams are passed. Additional, you are guaranteed a total reimbursement PLUS $500 if any exam is failed at first attempt.

Duration: 7 Days

From the very first beginning till the exam pass, you will not spend more time than the one given above. This is applicable to everyone, including those who are not good at taking exams and those who can not afford too much time per day.

Cisco CCNP Certification Outline

(1) 1.1 Introduction

(2) 1.2 Course Objectives Module 2

(1) 2.1 Support Resources

(2) 2.2 Hand-Held Test Equipment

(3) 2.3 Network Monitors

(4) 2.4 CCO – Cisco Connection Online

(5) 2.5 Creating a Case

(6) 2.6 Summary Module 3

(1) 3.1 Using Troubleshooting Methods

(2) 3.2 Problem Solving Model

(3) 3.3 Example Lab

(4) 3.4 Introduction to the Equipment

(5) 3.5 Lab – Configuration

(6) 3.6 Summary

part two

(1) 1.1 Ticket 001 – Physical Layer Connectivity

(2) 1.2 Summary – Physical Layer Connectivity. Trouble

(3) 1.3 Ticket 002 – Connection Issues

(4) 1.4 Summary – Connection Issues

part three

(1) 1.1 Ticket 003 – Static to DHCP

(2) 1.2 Summary – Static to DHCP

(3) 1.3 Ticket 004 – Power Failure

(4) 1.4 Summary – Power Failure

part four

(1) 1.1 Ticket 005 – ISDN Failure

(2) 1.2 Summary – ISDN Failure

(3) 1.3 Ticket 006 – Ethernet Switching

(4) 1.4 Summary – Ethernet Switching Course Review

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/information-technology-articles/cisco-ccnp-certification-248663.html

About the Author

CCNP exam , CCNP certification. http://www.ready4exam.com/

By Chris Bryant

During our Cisco CCNP BCMSN certification exam preparation, we’ve seen how intruders can use seemingly innocent ARP and DHCP processes can be used to harm our network, so it shouldn’t come as any surprise that Dot1q tagging can be used against us as well!

One form of VLAN Hopping is double tagging, so named because the intruder will transmit frames that are “double tagged” with two separate VLAN IDs. As you’ll see in our example, certain circumstances must exist for a double tagging attack to be successful:

The intruder’s host device must be attached to an access port.

The VLAN used by that access port must be the native VLAN.

The term “native VLAN” tips us off to the third requirement – dot1q must be the trunking protocol in use, since ISL doesn’t use the native VLAN.

When the rogue host transmits a frame, that frame will have two tags. One will indicate native VLAN membership, and the second will be the number of the VLAN under attack. In this example, we’ll assume that to be VLAN 100, with the native VLAN set as VLAN 25.

The trunk receiving this double-tagged frame will see the tag for VLAN 25, and since that’s the native VLAN, that tag will be removed and then transmitted across the trunk – but the tag for VLAN 100 is still there!

When the switch on the other side of the trunk gets that frame, it sees the tag for VLAN 100 and forwards the frame to ports in that VLAN. The rogue now has successfully fooled the switches and has hopped from one VLAN to another.

This is why you often see the native VLAN of a network set to a VLAN that no host on the network is a member of – that stops this version of VLAN Hopping right in its tracks.

Notice that I said “this version”. We’ll take a look at another VLAN Hopping tactic in the next installation of my CIsco CCNP BCMSN certification exam tutorial series!

Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933, is the owner of The Bryant Advantage, home of free CCNP exam and CCNA Certification tutorials, The Ultimate CCNA Study Package, and Ultimate CCNP Study Packages.

You can also visit his blog, which is updated several times daily with new Cisco certification articles, free tutorials, and daily CCNA / CCNP exam questions! Details are on the website.

For a FREE copy of his latest e-books, “How To Pass The CCNA” and “How To Pass The CCNP”, just visit the website! You can also get FREE CCNA and CCNP exam questions every day!

Take the exclusive CCNA Mastermind Boot Camp with The Bryant Advantage!

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Chris_Bryant

http://EzineArticles.com/?Cisco-CCNP-Certification—BCMSN-Exam—Defending-Against-VLAN-Hopping-Attacks&id=575440

by Chris Bryant

Congratulations on your decision to earn your CCNP certification! As a CCIE, I can tell you that Cisco certifications are both financially and personally rewarding.

To earn your CCNP, you first have to earn your CCNA certification. Then you’re faced with a decision – take the three-exam CCNP path, or the four-exam path? They’re both quite demanding, so let’s take a look at each path.

The four-exam CCNP path includes the Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks exam (BSCI), Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks exam (BCMSN), Building Cisco Remote Access Networks (BCRAN), and Cisco Internetwork Troubleshooting (CIT) exam.

The three-exam path combines the BSCI and BCMSN exams into a single exam, called the Composite exam.

I’m often asked what order I recommend taking the exams in. After earning your CCNA, I recommend you begin studying for the BSCI exam immediately. You will find the fundamentals you learned in your CCNA studies will help you a great deal with this exam. You’re going to add to your CCNA knowledgebase quite a bit when it comes to OSPF and EIGRP, as well as being introduced to BGP.

I don’t have a preference between the BCMSN and BCRAN exams, but I do recommend you take the CIT exam last. You’ll be using all the skills you learned in the first three exams to pass the CIT. It’s a very demanding exam, and it’s a little hard to troubleshoot technologies that you haven’t learned yet!

The CCNP is both financially and personally fulfilling. Once you complete your CCNA studies, take a little breather and then get started on your CCNP studies. The more you know, the more valuable you are in today’s ever-changing IT job market.

Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933, is the owner of The Bryant Advantage , home of free CCNA and CCNP tutorials! Pass the CCNA exam with Chris Bryant!
Article Source: ArticleSnatch Free Article Directory

Author: Martin Voelk

Cisco Certified Network Professional (CCNP) is one of the prestigious exams held all over the world. This is the entry level certification which is an indication of a professional to handle a network – install, configure, operate and troubleshoot both Wide Area and Local Area network problems. With a CCNP certification you are eligible to get a job of networks for an enterprise.

The CCNP training courses are provided to those candidates who are aspiring to become Cisco certified professionals. They have to clear Cisco exams of entry level for CCNP certification. The CCNP training courses focus on topics which are required for an entry level professional. The topics include converged network, security, quality of service (QoS), broadband technologies, installation of a network, virtual private networks.

After you have completed your CCNP training courses you should be able to do the following tasks easily -
You should be able to implement suitable technologies to construct a scalable routed network for an enterprise.

Should be able to build campus networks by means of multilayer switching technologies
Should know how to improve traffic flow, increase reliability, redundancy, and overall performance for LANs, routed and switched WANs, as well as remote access networks
Without any trouble organize QoS, VPN, and converged networks for the organization
Easily troubleshoot those problems in an environment that uses Cisco routers and switches for multi-protocol client hosts and services

The CCNP training courses have been designed to train you in all these operations flawless for a smooth, threat free network for an organization. The topics recommended for Cisco course offering CCNA certification include – Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks (BSCI), Optimising Converged Cisco Networks (ONT), Implementing Secure Converged Wide Area Networks (ISCW) and Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks (BCMSN).

The CCNP training courses by an institute can be your key to success and passing the exams. The certification is a great benefit to network technicians and network engineers who wish to propel their career filled with rocket fuel. The 120 hours long (usually this is the duration, some institutes or boot camps may have more hours of training) CCNP training program by any training centre would include complete training for all the four papers you have to pass – 642-901 BSCI, 642-812 BCMSN, 642-825 ISCW and 642-845 ONT.

Once you pass all these exams you are rewarded the Cisco certification. The CCNP certification is valid only for three years. After that you have to go for Cisco recertification by passing the 642 code exam. To learn more on CCNP training courses and recommended study and tips visit sites like www.coursefox.co.uk.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/education-articles/the-recommended-ccnp-training-courses-to-get-the-certification-779309.html

About the Author

Martin is a well known author who writes on topics related with networking courses like Cisco Wireless Courses, Cisco Unified Wireless Networking Course, Cisco Certified Network Professional Training Material.

Author: nancyjohn

Cisco offers a number of certification levels depending on specific areas of proficiency and nature of job. Some of the certifications pertaining to the field of networking are: Cisco offers widely respected IT certification programs available through Cisco Career Certifications bring valuable, measurable rewards to network professionals, their managers, and the organizations that employ them.

Three Levels of IT Certification

Associate – Professional – Expert

The three levels of general IT certification: Associate, Professional, and Expert (CCIE representing the highest level of achievement).

Six Different Paths

Various tracks—such as Routing and Switching, Network Security, and Service Provider—are available, so that you can match your certification path to your job role or industry.

IT Certification in Focused Areas

In addition to general certifications, network professionals can enhance their core networking knowledge by achieving specialist certification in technologies such as security, IP telephony, and wireless.

Routing & Switching

CCNA – CCNP -CCIE Routing & Switching

Design

CCNA & CCDA – CCDP -CCDE

Network Security

CCNA – CCSP – CCIE Security

Service Provider

CCNA – CCIP – CCIE Service Provider

Storage Networking

CCNA – CCNP – CCIE Storage Networking

Voice

CCNA – CCVP – CCIE Voice

Cisco Specialist Certifications

Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) validates the ability to install, configure, operate, and troubleshoot medium-size route and switched networks, including implementation and verification of connections to remote sites in a WAN. CCNA Certification curriculum includes basic mitigation of security threats, introduction to wireless networking concepts and terminology, and performance-based skills. This new curriculum also includes (but is not limited to) the use of these protocols: IP, Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), Serial Line Interface Protocol Frame Relay, Routing Information Protocol Version 2 (RIPv2),VLANs, Ethernet, access control lists (ACLs).

Potential students are looking to kick off a career in IT usually haven’t a clue what direction is best, let alone what area to build their qualifications around. Scanning a list of IT job-titles is a complete waste of time. Most of us have no concept what the neighbours do for a living – so what chance do we have in understanding the subtleties of any specific IT role. The key to answering this predicament appropriately lies in an in-depth chat, covering several areas:

If your preparing for career change and looking for MCTS Training the best online training provider that provide the all the and complete CCIE labs and CCIE written exams training in just one package, certkingdom self study training kits, save your money on bootcamps, training institutes, It’s also save your traveling and time. All training materials are “Guaranteed” to pass your exams and get you certified on the fist attempt, due to best training they become no1 site 2009 & 2010.

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Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/information-technology-articles/how-to-pass-cisco-ccna-on-first-attempt-1852174.html

About the Author

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